Pneumatic action for pipe-organs



(No Model.)

J. E. TREAT.

PNEUMATIC ACTION FOR PIPE ORGANS.

y Padtented Dem-10, 1889;

w a M W W W java/M N. PETERS, Phato-umo ra h UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

JAMES E. TREAT, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

PNEUMATlC ACTION FOR PlPE-ORGANS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,974, dated December 10, 1889.

Application filed January 23, 1889. Serial No. 297,226. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, JAMES E. TREAT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Actions for Pipe-Organs, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in a pneumatic action for pipe-organs for the purpose of reducing the pressure on the keys necessary for operating the valves, and it is carried out as follows, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 represents a plan view of the improved pneumatic action. Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal section of the same on the line X. X, shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a cross-section on the line Y Y in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 represents a horizontal section on the line Z Z in Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 represents a partial side elevation of the pneumatic bellows.

Similar letters refer to similar parts wherever they occur on the different parts of the drawings.

In the drawings, (t represents the pneumatic chest, containing within it the pneumatic bellows, of which one B is shown.

a is a pipe or conductor leading from any desired portion of the pneumatic chest at to the main bellows. Consequently it will be seen that the air within the said pneumatic chest is compressed with a pressure equal to that of the main-bellows pressure.

Each of the pneumatic bellows B has a stationary part or plate I) and a movable part I), connected together around their outer edges by means of the flexible kid or skin Z) The movable part b is hinged at c to plates 0 c, secured to the stationary part 0 near its heel end, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 5.

b is an air-inlet in the movable part b,

which is adapted to be closed when the corresponding key is depressed by the inletvalve d,that is pivoted at d to the movable part b and provided with a guide-pin d at the heel end of the bellows, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, a, and 5.

Through the stationary part Z) of the bellows, directly below the inlet-opening Z2 is made an air-outlet 19 that is normally covered by the outlet-valve e, that is pivoted at e to the under side of the pneumatic chest and automatically held in a closed position by means of the spring 6', arranged between the said valve and the stationary spring-bar E, as shown in Fig. 2.

f is a tracker, the upper end of which is secured to the outer end of the outlet-valve e, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4. The lower end of said tracker is suitably attached to the organ-key corresponding to the pneumatic bellows, such key being, however, not shown in the drawings.

g is another tracker passing through a guide in the top of the pneumatic chest a and attached in its lower end to the movable part b of the bellows, as shown in Fig. 2, its upper end beingsuitably attached to the valve in the organ-chest or to a lever or device for operating the action, such valve or connecting device being, however, not shown in the drawings.

7b is a sticker arranged within the bellows between the under side of the inlet-valve d and top of outlet-valve e, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, said sticker having reduced ends or guide-pins h h, projecting loosely through perforations in the respective inlet and outlet, as shown. The main portion of the said sticker is of such a length as to cause the inlet-valve (Z to be kept open when the outlet, valve e is closed, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. I prefer to arrange the said sticker h centrally in a line with the pivots c c, on which the movable part b of the bellows is hung, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, so as to permit said inlet-valve d to be opened or closed or kept in such respective positions independent of the position of the said movable part b of the bellows.

\Vithin the pneumatic bellows is pivoted at 21, near the sticker h, the reducing-valve i, which is adapted to partially close the outlet-opening Z) when the bellows are about half-closed, by which the outlet for the es caping wind is reduced, causing the bellows to close gradually without noise or poundin The free end of said reducing-valve is attached to the movable part I) of the bellows by means of a flexible cord or connection i, as shown in Fig. 2, soas to hold the said rcducing-valve open when the bellows are inflated, as shown in said Fig. 2.

By having the inlet-valve (1 arranged on top of the movable part of the bellows a direct communication is established between the interior of the pneumatic chest to and the bellows when said valve is open, by which a quick recovery of the bellows is obtained as soon as the outlet-valve e is closed by the release of the key and the spring a.

The operation of the device is as follows: hen the key attached to the tracker f is not depressed, the outlet-valve e is held against its seat in a closed position by the i11- fluence of its spring 6, the inlet-valve (Z is held open by the sticker h, the bellows are held expanded by the tracker g and the usual spring-pressed valve to which it is attached, and while the parts are in such positions the wind-pressure inside and outside of the bellows is equal. As soon as the key attached to the tracker f is depressed the outlet-valve e is opened, causing the inlet-valve (Z to drop by its own gravity until it closes the inlet opening b in the movable part b of the bellows, by which the latter are caused to collapse by the excess of wind-pressure on its outside over that on its inside, which latter is for the time being in open communication with the atmosphere. During the'first impulse of the closing movement of the bellows the entire outlet b is uncovered,cansing an instantaneous motion to be conveyed from the keytracker f to the valve-tracker g, by which the proper effect of the touch of the musicians finger is obtained; but as the bellows become about half-closed the reducing-valve 2' drops gradually and partially closes the outlet b", by which the escaping air from the bellows is partially checked or cushioned, so as to prevent noise or pounding during its closing movement, as hereinabove set forth. As soon as the musician removes his finger from the key the outlet-valve e is automatically closed by the spring 8, the inlet-valve d is raised by the sticker 7L, and a direct comm unication is at once established between the pneumatic chest (1 and the interior of the bellows, causing an equilibrium of wind-pressure in said parts and causing the bellows to be expanded or inflated by the spring-pressed valve or action device connected to the tracker g, as hereinabove described.

Having thus fully described the nature, construction, and operation of my invention, I wish to secure by Letters Patent and claim 7 1. In a pneumatic-action device for organs, the pneumatic chest and the pneumatic bellows arranged within it, said bellows having a perforation in its movable part adapted to be closed by a valve on such movable part, and having a perforation in its stationary part communicating with the atmosphere and adapted to be closed by a spring-pressed and key-operated valve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a pneumatic-action device fororgans, a pneumatic chest and pneumatic bellows arranged therein, an inlet-valve on the movable part of the bellows, and an outlet-valve on the stationary part, with a sticker connecting said valve, as described, said bellows having its movable part pivoted at the heel portion in a line, or nearly so, with the center of said sticker, substantially as specified.

3. In a pneumatic-action device for organs, a pneumatic chest having arranged within it the pneumatic bellows provided with inlet and outlet valves, respectively, on its movable and stationary parts, combined with a reducing-valve, as described, for partially closing the outlet-opening during the closing movement of the bellows, substantially as set forth.

4. In a pneumatic-action device for organs, the following instrumentalities in combination, namely: a pneumatic chest connected to the main bellows, pneumatic bellows arranged within said chest, an inlet-valve arranged on the movable part and an outletvalve arranged on the stationary part of said pneumatic bellows, a sticker connecting said valves and a reducing-valve adapted to partially close the outlet-opening during the closing movement of the bellows, and trackers connecting the outlet-valve and movable part of the bellows, respectively, to the organ keys and valves, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 1 9th day of January, A. D. 1889.

JAMns E. TREAT.

Witnesses:

AL'BAN ANDREN, SELM'A R. ScnnLIN. 

